
Biography :
1. Costa GM d’Angelo et al. investigated the transdermal delivery of vitamin D₃ using various chemical penetration enhancers in creams and gels, finding that high lipophilicity limits permeation and that retention in skin layers varies with formulation. 2. Alsaqr et al. evaluated the effect of different penetration enhancers on vitamin D₃ skin permeability across membranes and ex vivo porcine skin in Franz diffusion cells. 3. Kittaneh et al. prepared and evaluated film-forming solutions for vitamin D₃ transdermal delivery, showing permeation through artificial membranes with different polymer/solvent systems.